Zhostovo painting

Harvesting of painted metal trays began in the mid XVIII century. in the Urals, where the steel mills were located Demidov (Nizhny Tagil, Nevyansk, Upper Neyvinsk), and only in the first half of the XIX century trays were manufactured in the villages of Moscow Province - Zhostovo, Trinity, and others Novoseltseva soon became a leading Moscow-fishing.

Currently, the production of trays with lacquered painting is concentrated in the village of Zhostovo Moscow region and in Nizhny Tagil. For the production of Zhostov trays used thin steel roofing: sheet stamp, and then rolling trays are to stiffen the sides.

After that, trays primed, sanded and coated with oil several times painted usually black in color with each layer of drying in an oven. Then the master of the hand painted trays with oil paints without the use of stencils and patterns, relying on his own imagination. The painting is usually done on a black background (sometimes red, blue, green, silver) and the master runs on several trays. Ornamental pattern is applied to "creation" gold (gold powder, diluted in a transparent varnish or turpentine) or gulfarboy (white paint with varnish), which is sprinkled with aluminum powder. The main motive of painting - a simple floral bouquet composition, in which alternate with large garden and small wildflowers. First is zamalevka (basic outlines of the bouquet), then bearing: superimposed shadows, light prescribed places, thick brush strokes are applied, glare, thin lines - the veins of leaves, stamens, and then major colors associated with the finer elements of the pattern grasses, stems, etc. ., the last to be applied ornament, located on the sides (eg, cleaning). After painting the product back three Zhostov covered with transparent lacquer drying in an oven with a thin powder and polished by hand to a mirror shine.

Common reasons for painting Zhostov trays - flowers and still lifes, flowers, vases, garlands. By appointment trays are divided into two groups: those for domestic purposes (under the samovar, for serving food) and as an ornament. The shape of the trays are round, octagonal, combined, rectangular, oval, etc. In the first half of the XIX century the workshops for the production of painted trays worked in several villages in the Moscow province: Ostashkov, p. Trinity, Sorokin, Khlebnikov, and other Zhostovo plant dates back to the studio (opened in 1825), buying off the will of the peasants - the brothers Vishnyakova. In 1928, the number of cooperatives formed on the basis of the workshops after the revolution, united into one - "Metallopodnos" in the village of Zhostovo, which later (1960) was transformed into Zhostovo plant decorative painting. Since 1938, the masters of painting trays were prepared in the school brigade apprenticeship, right in the workplace.